Multipurpose Production Survey, Urban 1990
Nepal, 1990
Created on
Apr 25, 2019
Last modified
Apr 25, 2019
Page views
280
Identification
Survey ID Number
NPL_1990_MPS_v01_M
Title
Multipurpose Production Survey, Urban 1990
Country
| Name | Country code |
|---|---|
| Nepal | NPL |
Study type
Other Household Survey [hh/oth]
Series Information
The Multipurpose Production Survey (MPS) is the first of tis kind conducted by CBS. It has the amin economic sectors included in its scope. The survey was conducted separately for rural and urban areas in different periods. The division between rural and urban areas was adopted as demarcated by the administration. Th rural parts consisted of village development committees and the municipalities as urban parts. No significant change was introduced in the contents and pattern of questionnaires used in the MPS (Rural). Besides, the survey portion of own-account construction by households was found inappropriate to be included in the adopted area sampling plan as it appeared not to be homogeneously distributed in urban wards adn hence dropped from the scope of the survey. A different approacl was adopted int he identification of economic activities in trade. Unlike the MPS (Rural), trading units with fixed premises were enumerated at the place they reside and thos without fixed premises - through households. In addition a list of personal services were also enumerated during the listing of economic activities of urban households.
Besides a number of limitations of the survey which are discussed in the other sections, significant time-lag between the two surveys deserves attention. For various reasons, collection for the MPS (Rural) was undertaken in January - Jue 1989 and for the MPS (Urban) in April - November 1990. Although being complementary to each other, simple combination of the survey results are likely to prove erroneous which may emerge due to time lag and therefore should be avoided. Hence, in terms of reliability it can be expected that the users will take more advantage in using the ration estimates of different economic characteristics presented.
Besides a number of limitations of the survey which are discussed in the other sections, significant time-lag between the two surveys deserves attention. For various reasons, collection for the MPS (Rural) was undertaken in January - Jue 1989 and for the MPS (Urban) in April - November 1990. Although being complementary to each other, simple combination of the survey results are likely to prove erroneous which may emerge due to time lag and therefore should be avoided. Hence, in terms of reliability it can be expected that the users will take more advantage in using the ration estimates of different economic characteristics presented.
Abstract
The survey is part of the project work on "Strengthening Central Bureau of Statistics in Socio-economic Statistics and National Accounts," supported by UNDP.
In spite of the efforts made by varioius agencies in producing statistics, a number of key areas are still faced with critical data gaps. While activities of the Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS) remained tied up for a long time in conducting periodic censuses and their analyses, the demand for current economic statistics for development planning and policy formulation are being felt to be ever increasing. it was realised that the existing critical data gaps, could be fulfilled only by conducting sample surveys in different areas on a regular basis.
The Multipurpose Production Survey is indeed a step forward in thsi direction initiated by the CBS to reduc the critical data gaps gradually. The undertaken survey had envisaged to generate statistics to augment the task of improving National Accounts estimates and serve other users in various fields.
The Multipurpose Production Survey (Urban) includes altogether 1500 sub wards (to be considered as an enumeration block) from the entire 33 towns. Sub-wards consisted of 150-200 dwellings. On the basis of level of urbanization of towns, towns were categorized in three levels - Urban, Semi Urban and Partly Urban. Reference period was the average of the twenty months stretching from April 1989 to November 1990.As shown by the survey result, percentage of households engaged in these type of economic activities is higher (26.3%) in the towns under the category "Urban" and are lower in other categories with 21.9% in the "Semi-urban" and 20.7% in the "Partly urban".
Limitations of the survey
As any statistical investigation, the MPS (Urban) has its own limitations.
Despite the importance of mapping operation carried out for this survey it should be realised that the operation was more experimental and accurate results can not be expected from a firsthand attempt like this. Besides the survey was seriously affected by the poor state of maps and unavialiability of auxiliary informations required. Moreover, there was no clarity of ward boundaries even in among local authorities and residents, as the boundaries were delineated not strictly on a scientific way and were frequently changed for political reas ons. pnder the circumstances, initiation by CBS to prepare subsequent maps for survey purpose faced serious problems . Possibility of omission of some households especially in the large cities cannot be rejected.
The aspect of reference period regarding the necessity of sub-sampling of time over a year for data collection was mentioned in the Report on the MPS (Rural). Situation could not be improved in the MPS (Urban) too. In order to avoid the possibility of seasonal effect, intensity characteristics like number of months worked during the year, number of working days during the month etc. were used while estimating the annual aggregates.
In spite of the efforts made by varioius agencies in producing statistics, a number of key areas are still faced with critical data gaps. While activities of the Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS) remained tied up for a long time in conducting periodic censuses and their analyses, the demand for current economic statistics for development planning and policy formulation are being felt to be ever increasing. it was realised that the existing critical data gaps, could be fulfilled only by conducting sample surveys in different areas on a regular basis.
The Multipurpose Production Survey is indeed a step forward in thsi direction initiated by the CBS to reduc the critical data gaps gradually. The undertaken survey had envisaged to generate statistics to augment the task of improving National Accounts estimates and serve other users in various fields.
The Multipurpose Production Survey (Urban) includes altogether 1500 sub wards (to be considered as an enumeration block) from the entire 33 towns. Sub-wards consisted of 150-200 dwellings. On the basis of level of urbanization of towns, towns were categorized in three levels - Urban, Semi Urban and Partly Urban. Reference period was the average of the twenty months stretching from April 1989 to November 1990.As shown by the survey result, percentage of households engaged in these type of economic activities is higher (26.3%) in the towns under the category "Urban" and are lower in other categories with 21.9% in the "Semi-urban" and 20.7% in the "Partly urban".
Limitations of the survey
As any statistical investigation, the MPS (Urban) has its own limitations.
Despite the importance of mapping operation carried out for this survey it should be realised that the operation was more experimental and accurate results can not be expected from a firsthand attempt like this. Besides the survey was seriously affected by the poor state of maps and unavialiability of auxiliary informations required. Moreover, there was no clarity of ward boundaries even in among local authorities and residents, as the boundaries were delineated not strictly on a scientific way and were frequently changed for political reas ons. pnder the circumstances, initiation by CBS to prepare subsequent maps for survey purpose faced serious problems . Possibility of omission of some households especially in the large cities cannot be rejected.
The aspect of reference period regarding the necessity of sub-sampling of time over a year for data collection was mentioned in the Report on the MPS (Rural). Situation could not be improved in the MPS (Urban) too. In order to avoid the possibility of seasonal effect, intensity characteristics like number of months worked during the year, number of working days during the month etc. were used while estimating the annual aggregates.
Kind of Data
Sample survey data [ssd]
Unit of Analysis
Households.
Version
Version Description
Version 01: Microdata is not available
Scope
Notes
The MPS (Urban) has the same scope as that of the MPS (Rural) survey comprising the sectors viz.
- Small Scale Manufacturing and Cottage Industry (SMCI)
- Retail Trade
- Non-Mechanized Transport.
For the purpose of conducting a separate statistical investigation in the future, the households engaged in activitise belonging to personal services were also listed.
The scope of the Multipurpose Production Survey includes:
- Household level economic activities
- Small scale manufacturing and cottage industries including Non-mechanized transportation (animal pull, manpull transport and porter services) by households.
- Retail trade service activities. Number of household workers by sex, income and expenditure of households on activities of Non-mechanized services, cottage industry and retail trade.
- Intermediate cost
- Raw materials used in cottage industry ,nonmechanized transportation and in retail trade service produced by households
- Compensation of employees,tax paid.
- Small Scale Manufacturing and Cottage Industry (SMCI)
- Retail Trade
- Non-Mechanized Transport.
For the purpose of conducting a separate statistical investigation in the future, the households engaged in activitise belonging to personal services were also listed.
The scope of the Multipurpose Production Survey includes:
- Household level economic activities
- Small scale manufacturing and cottage industries including Non-mechanized transportation (animal pull, manpull transport and porter services) by households.
- Retail trade service activities. Number of household workers by sex, income and expenditure of households on activities of Non-mechanized services, cottage industry and retail trade.
- Intermediate cost
- Raw materials used in cottage industry ,nonmechanized transportation and in retail trade service produced by households
- Compensation of employees,tax paid.
Coverage
Geographic Coverage
National urban areas only
Universe
All households in Urban areas of all 33 towns of Nepal.
Though this is basically a household survey in nature, some parts of the investigation necessarily had to be done through establishments and hence an overlap between the two. This was true especially in the case of manufacturing and retail trade.
Though this is basically a household survey in nature, some parts of the investigation necessarily had to be done through establishments and hence an overlap between the two. This was true especially in the case of manufacturing and retail trade.
Producers and sponsors
Primary investigators
| Name | Affiliation |
|---|---|
| Central Bureau of Statistics | His Majesty's Government |
Funding Agency/Sponsor
| Name | Abbreviation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| His Majesty's Government | HMG | |
| United Nations Development Program | UNDP | Financial support |
Sampling
Sampling Procedure
The complexity in the sampling design of the MPS (Urban) was further simplified by the formation of smaller enumeration blocks from the large municipality wards. A single stage stratified sampling was adopted by maintaining the sample fraction of 1/10 of urban enumeration blocks for all strata. Sub-division of wards was done by distributing the number of dwellings in each ward into blocks consisting of 150-200 dwellings.
For an appropriate area sampling it is necessary that enumeration area be more or less equal in size in population and the characteristics to be investigated be homogeneous to the extent possible. However, existing size of municipality wards are not fit to be considered as an enumeration unit due to various reasons. First of all, high variation in the size of population among the wards is noteworthy. Secondly, most of the urban wards, belonging to big towns like Kathmandu, Biratnagar, Birgunj, etc. are too large and are not manageable even for field operation. So it was decided to form the sub-wards with 15-200 dwellings through an intensive field work in order to prepare a sampling frame for the MPS (Urban). Despite several constraints of resources and lack of experience in such activity, altogether 1500 sub wards (to be considered as an enumeration block) from the entire 33 towns were formed and subsequently maps for these blocks were prepared.
Different level of urbanization of towns was another aspect to be considered for sampling design. In Nepal, some of the towns seem nothing more than an administrative center or major district settlement and are either partly urbanized or yet to be urbanized. The others possess urban characteristics to a large extent but still include some rural type of settlements. Only Kathmandu and Lalitpur can be considered as urbanized municipalities. Hence, the towns were divided into three groups for stratification purposes.
1. Urban - Kathmandu, Lalitpur (2)
2. Semi Urban - (towns with more than 40,000 population according to 1981 census) i.e. Biratnagar, Birgunj, Bhaktapur, Dharan, Pokhara and Mahendranagar (4)
3. Partly urban - Ilam, Bhadrapur, Damak, Dhankuta, Inarwa, Rajbiraj, Malangwa, Kalaiya, Lahan, Janakpur, Jaleswore, Hetauda, Bharatpur, Banepa, Dhulikel, Bidur, Tansen, Bhairawa, Butwal, Taulihawa, Trivhuvan Nagar, Nepalgunj, Birendra Nagar, Dhangadi, Dipayal (25)
After formation of sub-wards and subsequent mapping operation it became possible to avoid complicated sampling procedure. A single stage sampling of enumeration areas was adopted for all three strata. The details of the sampling scheme are found in the Report.
Selection of sub-wards was made according to the method for linear systematic sampling where the towns were arranged in the order of economically active population.
The stratification adopted here has been vindicated by results of the survey also. Percentage of households engaged in these four sectors of economic activities is higher (26.3%) in the towns under the category "Urban" and are lower in other categories with 21.9% in the "Semi-urban" and 20.7% in the "Partly urban" as shown by the survey results.
For an appropriate area sampling it is necessary that enumeration area be more or less equal in size in population and the characteristics to be investigated be homogeneous to the extent possible. However, existing size of municipality wards are not fit to be considered as an enumeration unit due to various reasons. First of all, high variation in the size of population among the wards is noteworthy. Secondly, most of the urban wards, belonging to big towns like Kathmandu, Biratnagar, Birgunj, etc. are too large and are not manageable even for field operation. So it was decided to form the sub-wards with 15-200 dwellings through an intensive field work in order to prepare a sampling frame for the MPS (Urban). Despite several constraints of resources and lack of experience in such activity, altogether 1500 sub wards (to be considered as an enumeration block) from the entire 33 towns were formed and subsequently maps for these blocks were prepared.
Different level of urbanization of towns was another aspect to be considered for sampling design. In Nepal, some of the towns seem nothing more than an administrative center or major district settlement and are either partly urbanized or yet to be urbanized. The others possess urban characteristics to a large extent but still include some rural type of settlements. Only Kathmandu and Lalitpur can be considered as urbanized municipalities. Hence, the towns were divided into three groups for stratification purposes.
1. Urban - Kathmandu, Lalitpur (2)
2. Semi Urban - (towns with more than 40,000 population according to 1981 census) i.e. Biratnagar, Birgunj, Bhaktapur, Dharan, Pokhara and Mahendranagar (4)
3. Partly urban - Ilam, Bhadrapur, Damak, Dhankuta, Inarwa, Rajbiraj, Malangwa, Kalaiya, Lahan, Janakpur, Jaleswore, Hetauda, Bharatpur, Banepa, Dhulikel, Bidur, Tansen, Bhairawa, Butwal, Taulihawa, Trivhuvan Nagar, Nepalgunj, Birendra Nagar, Dhangadi, Dipayal (25)
After formation of sub-wards and subsequent mapping operation it became possible to avoid complicated sampling procedure. A single stage sampling of enumeration areas was adopted for all three strata. The details of the sampling scheme are found in the Report.
Selection of sub-wards was made according to the method for linear systematic sampling where the towns were arranged in the order of economically active population.
The stratification adopted here has been vindicated by results of the survey also. Percentage of households engaged in these four sectors of economic activities is higher (26.3%) in the towns under the category "Urban" and are lower in other categories with 21.9% in the "Semi-urban" and 20.7% in the "Partly urban" as shown by the survey results.
Weighting
Please refer to the section on Processing and Estimation of the Report.
Data Collection
Dates of Data Collection
| Start | End | Cycle |
|---|---|---|
| 1990-04 | 1990-11 | Urban |
Time periods
| Start date | End date |
|---|---|
| 1989-04 | 1990-11 |
Data Collection Mode
Face-to-face [f2f]
Data Collection Notes
A reference period of over a month could not be feasible for such survey. So the data on all three sub-sectors was collected for the calendar month preceding the date of survey. The field work was undertaken in pnases and the period stretched from April to November 1990. Estimation of annual figures from the monthly results is based on the intensity characteristics of the economic units over the year. It was preferable that the field work for survey should have been spread over different periods of the year, but it could not be possible for CBS to do so due to resource constraints. Hence, the reference period of one year for which results are given is the average of the twenty months stretching from April 1989 to November 1990.
Data Collectors
| Name | Abbreviation | Affiliation |
|---|---|---|
| Central Bureau of Statistics | CBS | His Majesty's Government |
Questionnaires
Questionnaires
The Multipurpose Production Survey (Urban) employed a different questionnaire for each of the three sectors covered:
Questionnaire No. 11 - Small-scale Manufacturing and Cottage Industry
Questionnaire No. 12 - Retail Trade
Questionnaire No. 13 - Non-mechanised Transport
For a copy of the Questionnaires in Nepali please refer to the attached file of the Report:
Questionnaire No. 10 - Listing Sheet
Questionnaire No. 11 - Small-scale Manufacturing and Cottage Industry
Questionnaire No. 12 - Retail Trade
Questionnaire No. 13 - Non-mechanised Transport
Questionnaire No. 11 - Small-scale Manufacturing and Cottage Industry
Questionnaire No. 12 - Retail Trade
Questionnaire No. 13 - Non-mechanised Transport
For a copy of the Questionnaires in Nepali please refer to the attached file of the Report:
Questionnaire No. 10 - Listing Sheet
Questionnaire No. 11 - Small-scale Manufacturing and Cottage Industry
Questionnaire No. 12 - Retail Trade
Questionnaire No. 13 - Non-mechanised Transport
Data Processing
Data Editing
All the questionnaires were edited thoroughly prior to processing in the computer. Number of rejections, i.e. those that did not fall within the scope was negligible. Efforts were made to make the classification and tabulation as much comparable to those as presented in the report of the MPS (Rural).
Access policy
Access authority
| Name | Affiliation | URL | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Director General | Central Bureau of Statistics | archive@cbs.gov.np | http://cbs.gov.np/?page_id=17 |
| Director: Publication, Distribution and Library Section | Central Bureau of Statistics | archive@cbs.gov.np | http://cbs.gov.np/?page_id=17 |
Contacts
| Name | Affiliation | URL | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Director: Publication, Distribution and Library Section | Central Bureau of Statistics | archive@cbs.gov.np | http://cbs.gov.np/?page_id=17 |
| The Worldbank Microdata Library | microdata.worldbank.org | http://microdata.worldbank.org |
Confidentiality
Confidentiality of the respondents is guaranteed by Article 8 of Statistics Act 1958.
Restriction on publication of information and details
Any information or details relating to any person, family, firm or company, which have been supplied, obtained or prepared pursuant to Section 3 or Section 4 or Section 5 or Section 6 or Section 7 or any part of such information or details, shall not be disclosed or published directly except to the Director General or to any other officer of the Bureau without the written permission of the person or of his or her authorized representative supplying such information or details.
For the purpose of institution of any suit under this Act, nothing mentioned in Sub-section (1) shall be deemed to bar the production of such information before any court.
Citation requirements
Use of the dataset must be acknowledged using a citation which would include:
- the Identification of the Primary Investigator
- the title of the survey (including country, acronym and year of implementation)
- the survey reference number
- the source and date of download
Example:
Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Nepal. Multipurpose Production Survey, Urban 1990. Ref. NPL_1990_MPS_v01_M. Dataset downloaded from [source] on [date].
- the Identification of the Primary Investigator
- the title of the survey (including country, acronym and year of implementation)
- the survey reference number
- the source and date of download
Example:
Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Nepal. Multipurpose Production Survey, Urban 1990. Ref. NPL_1990_MPS_v01_M. Dataset downloaded from [source] on [date].
Metadata production
DDI Document ID
DDI_NPL_1990_MPS_v01_M
Producers
| Name | Abbreviation | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|---|
| Saroj Bhattarai | Central Bureau of Statistics | Metadata Documentation | |
| Accelerated Data Program | ADP | International Household Survey Network | Editing for IHSN Survey Catalog |
Date of Metadata Production
2012-03-12
DDI Document version
Version 1.0 - Central Bureau of Statistics - Original documentation of the study.
Version 2.0 - Edited version by ADP based on Version 1.0 of CBS downloaded from http://cbs.gov.np/nada/index.php/catalog on 2 May 2013.
Version 2.0 - Edited version by ADP based on Version 1.0 of CBS downloaded from http://cbs.gov.np/nada/index.php/catalog on 2 May 2013.