Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2008
Mozambique, 2008
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Apr 25, 2019
Last modified
Apr 25, 2019
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Identification
Survey ID Number
MOZ_2008_MICS_v01_M
Title
Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2008
Country
| Name | Country code |
|---|---|
| Mozambique | MOZ |
Study type
Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey - Round 3 [hh/mics-3]
Abstract
The 2008 MICS aims essentially to do the following:
- Provide up-to-date information for assessing the situation of children and women in Mozambique.
- Contribute to assessing the Government Five-Year Programme 2005–2009 and the Action Plan for the Reduction of Absolute Poverty 2007–2009 (PARPA II), thus allowing an analysis of progress relative to a series of targets established in the PARPA II monitoring matrix.
- Provide the data necessary to monitor progress towards the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and the goals of A World Fit for Children, as well as progress towards other internationally agreed targets.
- Serve as a fundamental source of information for the Government on the country’s stage of development as it draws up its next five-year programme.
- Contribute to the improvement of data and monitoring systems in Mozambique and strengthen specialist technical expertise in the design, implementation and analysis of these
systems.
- Provide up-to-date information for assessing the situation of children and women in Mozambique.
- Contribute to assessing the Government Five-Year Programme 2005–2009 and the Action Plan for the Reduction of Absolute Poverty 2007–2009 (PARPA II), thus allowing an analysis of progress relative to a series of targets established in the PARPA II monitoring matrix.
- Provide the data necessary to monitor progress towards the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and the goals of A World Fit for Children, as well as progress towards other internationally agreed targets.
- Serve as a fundamental source of information for the Government on the country’s stage of development as it draws up its next five-year programme.
- Contribute to the improvement of data and monitoring systems in Mozambique and strengthen specialist technical expertise in the design, implementation and analysis of these
systems.
Kind of Data
Sample survey data [ssd]
Scope
Notes
The scope of Mozambique 2008 MICS includes:
HOUSEHOLD QUESTIONNAIRE
- Household listing
- Education
- Water and sanitation
- Household characteristics
- Security of tenure of housing
- Mosquito nets and spraying
- Child labour
- Disability
- Orphaned and vulnerable children
- Income
- Iodized salt
WOMEN QUESTIONNAIRE
- Matrimonial situation and sexual activity
- Child mortality
- Birth history
- Maternal and newborn health
- Tetanus toxoid (TT)
- Contraception
- Attitudes towards domestic violence
- HIV/AIDS
QUESTIONNAIRE FOR CHILDREN UNDER-5
- Birth registration and learning in childhood
- Child development
- Vitamin A
- Breastfeeding
- Illness treatment
- Malaria
- Immunization
- Anthropometric
HOUSEHOLD QUESTIONNAIRE
- Household listing
- Education
- Water and sanitation
- Household characteristics
- Security of tenure of housing
- Mosquito nets and spraying
- Child labour
- Disability
- Orphaned and vulnerable children
- Income
- Iodized salt
WOMEN QUESTIONNAIRE
- Matrimonial situation and sexual activity
- Child mortality
- Birth history
- Maternal and newborn health
- Tetanus toxoid (TT)
- Contraception
- Attitudes towards domestic violence
- HIV/AIDS
QUESTIONNAIRE FOR CHILDREN UNDER-5
- Birth registration and learning in childhood
- Child development
- Vitamin A
- Breastfeeding
- Illness treatment
- Malaria
- Immunization
- Anthropometric
Producers and sponsors
Primary investigators
| Name |
|---|
| Instituto Nacional de Estatística |
Sampling
Sampling Procedure
The universe defined for this survey included all households living in individual homes in Mozambican territory. It excluded households living in collective homes (barracks, hotels, student residences, etc.), the homeless, and diplomats living in embassies/representations.
The MICS 2008 sample was obtained from the preliminary data and the cartography of the 2007 Census. Selection of the MICS 2008 sample followed a two-stage plan: 1) select the Primary Sampling Units (PSU) or Enumeration Areas (EAs); 2) select households within the sample EAs and, within these, exhaustively select units of analysis (that is, women aged 15–49 and children under five).
Thus, the MICS sample covered 715 PSUs (or EAs) selected systematically, with probability proportional to the size of each urban or rural stratum within each province. In each of the 715 PSUs 20 households were selected, which resulted in a total national sample of 14,300 households. Of the 14,300 households, 6,160 were urban and 8,140 were rural.
The division of the sample by urban and rural stratum within each province is proportional, and the unit of measurement is the number of households in each stratum within each province. The minimum number of households expected in each province was 1,200; exceptions were made for Nampula and Zambézia provinces, with 1,600 households each due to their demographic weight, and Maputo City, with 1,500 households due to the greater variability of its socio-demographic characteristics.
The MICS 2008 sample was obtained from the preliminary data and the cartography of the 2007 Census. Selection of the MICS 2008 sample followed a two-stage plan: 1) select the Primary Sampling Units (PSU) or Enumeration Areas (EAs); 2) select households within the sample EAs and, within these, exhaustively select units of analysis (that is, women aged 15–49 and children under five).
Thus, the MICS sample covered 715 PSUs (or EAs) selected systematically, with probability proportional to the size of each urban or rural stratum within each province. In each of the 715 PSUs 20 households were selected, which resulted in a total national sample of 14,300 households. Of the 14,300 households, 6,160 were urban and 8,140 were rural.
The division of the sample by urban and rural stratum within each province is proportional, and the unit of measurement is the number of households in each stratum within each province. The minimum number of households expected in each province was 1,200; exceptions were made for Nampula and Zambézia provinces, with 1,600 households each due to their demographic weight, and Maputo City, with 1,500 households due to the greater variability of its socio-demographic characteristics.
Data Collection
Dates of Data Collection
| Start | End |
|---|---|
| 2008-08 | 2008-11 |
Data Collection Mode
Face-to-face [f2f]
Data Collection Notes
Training the survey staff
Two regional training sessions were held in Mozambique to train the staff who headed the survey in the province and the technicians responsible for supervising at provincial level. The first
training session ran from 30 June to 25 July in Bilene district, Gaza province, and all the provinces from the south of the country and two from the north took part. The second ran from 14 July to 8 August in the city of Chimoio, in Manica province, and involved all the provinces of the central region and one from the north. The training was managed by members of the MICS central management and included theoretical sessions about interviewing techniques, simulated interviews in the classroom and practical sessions on the ground with households, in Bilene district for the first training session and in Chimoio city and Gondola district for the second. Because of the ethnic and linguistic diversity of Mozambique, all participants were natives of the provinces where they were to work and spoke correctly the dominant languages in these areas.
Organization of fieldwork
The MICS data were collected by 25 teams of interviewers. There were two teams and one supervisor per province, with the exception of Nampula and Zambézia provinces and Maputo City, which each had three teams. The teams consisted of four interviewers, one driver, one person taking measurements, and one controller. In addition to the teams of interviewers, each province had a coverage team, which sought to assess the coverage and quality of information filled out on the questionnaires and to provide feedback for the teams on the ground, so as to improve the quality of the questionnaire information. The coverage team consisted of two interviewers and one driver. The field work began in August 2008 and ended in November of that year. Sending the completed questionnaires from the provinces to the INE headquarters in Maputo was completed in late January 2009.
Two regional training sessions were held in Mozambique to train the staff who headed the survey in the province and the technicians responsible for supervising at provincial level. The first
training session ran from 30 June to 25 July in Bilene district, Gaza province, and all the provinces from the south of the country and two from the north took part. The second ran from 14 July to 8 August in the city of Chimoio, in Manica province, and involved all the provinces of the central region and one from the north. The training was managed by members of the MICS central management and included theoretical sessions about interviewing techniques, simulated interviews in the classroom and practical sessions on the ground with households, in Bilene district for the first training session and in Chimoio city and Gondola district for the second. Because of the ethnic and linguistic diversity of Mozambique, all participants were natives of the provinces where they were to work and spoke correctly the dominant languages in these areas.
Organization of fieldwork
The MICS data were collected by 25 teams of interviewers. There were two teams and one supervisor per province, with the exception of Nampula and Zambézia provinces and Maputo City, which each had three teams. The teams consisted of four interviewers, one driver, one person taking measurements, and one controller. In addition to the teams of interviewers, each province had a coverage team, which sought to assess the coverage and quality of information filled out on the questionnaires and to provide feedback for the teams on the ground, so as to improve the quality of the questionnaire information. The coverage team consisted of two interviewers and one driver. The field work began in August 2008 and ended in November of that year. Sending the completed questionnaires from the provinces to the INE headquarters in Maputo was completed in late January 2009.
Questionnaires
Questionnaires
To collect data, the methodology of household interviews was adopted, and three types of questionnaire were used: 1) a questionnaire to gather information on all members of the household and the house; 2) one for women aged 15–49; and 3) one for children under five, administered to mothers or caregivers of all children under five living in the household.
The household questionnaire included the following modules:
- Sheet to list household members
- Education
- Water and sanitation
- Characteristics of the household
- Security of tenure of the house
- Mosquito nets and spraying
- Child labour
- Disability
- Orphaned and vulnerable children
- Income
- Iodized salt.
The questionnaire for women was administered to all women aged 15–49. The questionnaire had the following modules:
- Characteristics of the woman interviewed
- Matrimonial situation and sexual activity
- Child mortality
- Maternal and newborn health
- Tetanus toxoid
- Contraception
- Attitudes towards domestic violence
- HIV and AIDS.
For the questionnaire for children under five, the mothers or caregivers in each household were identified and interviewed. The questionnaire had the following modules:
- Birth registration and early learning
- Child development
- Vitamin A
- Breastfeeding
- Care of illness
- Malaria
- Immunization
- Anthropometry.
The three survey questionnaires were based on the MICS3 model questionnaires. Starting with the English version of the MICS3 model, the questionnaires were translated into Portuguese
and put into the Mozambican context. Specific themes were added to meet the country’s needs. The pilot survey was held in April 2008 in Maputo City and in Boane district, Maputo province. Based on the results of the pilot survey, modifications were made to the drafting and translation of the questionnaires.
In addition to administering the questionnaires, the fieldwork teams tested the level of iodine in the kitchen salt in use in households and measured the height and weight of all children under five. Details and conclusions from these measurements are presented in the respective sections of the report.
The household questionnaire included the following modules:
- Sheet to list household members
- Education
- Water and sanitation
- Characteristics of the household
- Security of tenure of the house
- Mosquito nets and spraying
- Child labour
- Disability
- Orphaned and vulnerable children
- Income
- Iodized salt.
The questionnaire for women was administered to all women aged 15–49. The questionnaire had the following modules:
- Characteristics of the woman interviewed
- Matrimonial situation and sexual activity
- Child mortality
- Maternal and newborn health
- Tetanus toxoid
- Contraception
- Attitudes towards domestic violence
- HIV and AIDS.
For the questionnaire for children under five, the mothers or caregivers in each household were identified and interviewed. The questionnaire had the following modules:
- Birth registration and early learning
- Child development
- Vitamin A
- Breastfeeding
- Care of illness
- Malaria
- Immunization
- Anthropometry.
The three survey questionnaires were based on the MICS3 model questionnaires. Starting with the English version of the MICS3 model, the questionnaires were translated into Portuguese
and put into the Mozambican context. Specific themes were added to meet the country’s needs. The pilot survey was held in April 2008 in Maputo City and in Boane district, Maputo province. Based on the results of the pilot survey, modifications were made to the drafting and translation of the questionnaires.
In addition to administering the questionnaires, the fieldwork teams tested the level of iodine in the kitchen salt in use in households and measured the height and weight of all children under five. Details and conclusions from these measurements are presented in the respective sections of the report.
Data Processing
Data Editing
Data processing
Data processing began in October 2008 and ended in April 2009. Survey processing involved both manual and automatic procedures: receiving and verifying questionnaires, criticism (revision and codification), inputting, editing and analysis of inconsistencies. Data were captured using the interactive software CSPro (Census and Survey Processing System) on 20 microcomputers. Forty data entry operators took part, distributed in two shifts, and a supervisor. To ensure quality control, all the questionnaires were input twice. Throughout the work, procedures and standard programmes developed under the global MICS3 project were used and adapted to the local questionnaire. For cleanness and consistency of data input, the software Stata was used.
Data processing began in October 2008 and ended in April 2009. Survey processing involved both manual and automatic procedures: receiving and verifying questionnaires, criticism (revision and codification), inputting, editing and analysis of inconsistencies. Data were captured using the interactive software CSPro (Census and Survey Processing System) on 20 microcomputers. Forty data entry operators took part, distributed in two shifts, and a supervisor. To ensure quality control, all the questionnaires were input twice. Throughout the work, procedures and standard programmes developed under the global MICS3 project were used and adapted to the local questionnaire. For cleanness and consistency of data input, the software Stata was used.
Data Appraisal
Estimates of Sampling Error
Estimate of sampling errors
Since MICS 2008 was a survey by sampling, the results presented in this report are subject to two types of error: sampling errors and non-sampling errors. Non-sampling errors are produced during data collection and processing; sampling errors result from the fact that only a part of the population was interviewed rather than the entire population.
Non-sampling errors include such problems as: failure to question all the women and children selected, errors in formulating the questions and registering the replies, confusion or incapacity of the women in giving information about themselves or their children, and codification or processing errors. Attempts were made to keep this type of error to a minimum by following a series of procedures used in well designed and implemented samples, such as, for example, careful interview design, numerous tests of the questionnaire, intensive training of the interviewers, permanent supervision of the field work, and office review of the questionnaires by the criticism staff. Furthermore, to reduce this type of error, a coverage team was trained to assess the magnitude of such errors, including the coverage of MICS 2008. This team visited all the EAs selected for MICS in all the provinces but the contents or themes were covered by samples.
Appropriate supervision at the stage of data codification and processing, careful cleaning of the archives, feedback to the supervisors, and criticism of the interviewers based on quality control tables also helped minimize errors. The assessment elements available indicate that this type of error was kept within reasonable margins in MICS 2008.
See Appendix C of the Final Report for more detailed information and tables on Estimate of sampling errors.
Since MICS 2008 was a survey by sampling, the results presented in this report are subject to two types of error: sampling errors and non-sampling errors. Non-sampling errors are produced during data collection and processing; sampling errors result from the fact that only a part of the population was interviewed rather than the entire population.
Non-sampling errors include such problems as: failure to question all the women and children selected, errors in formulating the questions and registering the replies, confusion or incapacity of the women in giving information about themselves or their children, and codification or processing errors. Attempts were made to keep this type of error to a minimum by following a series of procedures used in well designed and implemented samples, such as, for example, careful interview design, numerous tests of the questionnaire, intensive training of the interviewers, permanent supervision of the field work, and office review of the questionnaires by the criticism staff. Furthermore, to reduce this type of error, a coverage team was trained to assess the magnitude of such errors, including the coverage of MICS 2008. This team visited all the EAs selected for MICS in all the provinces but the contents or themes were covered by samples.
Appropriate supervision at the stage of data codification and processing, careful cleaning of the archives, feedback to the supervisors, and criticism of the interviewers based on quality control tables also helped minimize errors. The assessment elements available indicate that this type of error was kept within reasonable margins in MICS 2008.
See Appendix C of the Final Report for more detailed information and tables on Estimate of sampling errors.
Access policy
Contacts
| Name | Affiliation | URL | |
|---|---|---|---|
| General Inquiries | UNICEF | childinfo@unicef.org | http://www.childinfo.org/ |
| MICS Programme Manager | UNICEF | mics@unicef.org | http://www.childinfo.org/ |
Citation requirements
Use of the dataset must be acknowledged using a citation which would include:
- the Identification of the Primary Investigator
- the title of the survey (including country, acronym and year of implementation)
- the survey reference number
- the source and date of download of the data files (for datasets obtained on-line)
- the Identification of the Primary Investigator
- the title of the survey (including country, acronym and year of implementation)
- the survey reference number
- the source and date of download of the data files (for datasets obtained on-line)
Disclaimer and copyrights
Disclaimer
The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses.
Metadata production
DDI Document ID
DDI_WB_MOZ_2008_MICS_v01_M
Producers
| Name | Abbreviation | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|---|
| Development Economics Data Group | DECDG | World Bank | Documentation of the DDI |
Date of Metadata Production
2011-10-03
DDI Document version
Version 01 (October 2011)