Occupational Wages Survey 2008
Philippines, 2008 - 2009
Created on
Apr 25, 2019
Last modified
Apr 25, 2019
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Identification
Survey ID Number
PHL_2008_OWS_v01_M
Title
Occupational Wages Survey 2008
Country
| Name | Country code |
|---|---|
| Philippines | PHL |
Study type
Enterprise Survey [en/oth]
Series Information
The Occupational Wages Survey (OWS) 2008 is the sixth in the series since the survey was re-designed to focus on the wage rates of relatively skilled occupations in industries likely to be affected by the changing global and economic structure. The survey aims to generate statistics for wage and salary administration and for wage determination in collective bargaining negotiations.
From 1997 to the 2004 survey rounds, the OWS was a complete enumeration survey of non-agricultural establishments employing 50 persons or more. Starting the 2006 OWS, employment size cut-off was lowered to 20 persons. The 2002 OWS was limited to Metro Manila due to budget cuts.
A total of 65 industries are covered in the 2008 OWS, up from 60 in 2006, 58 in the 2002 and 2004 rounds, 57 in 1999 and 52 in 1997 OWS. Predetermined industries for wage monitoring now total to 46 with the addition of Call Center Activities and Medical Transcription and Related Outsourcing Activities in 2006 and Animated Films and Cartoons Production in 2008. The selected industries numbered 43 in 2002 and 2004 OWS and 41 in 1997 and 1999 rounds.
A total of 180 occupations are covered in the pre-determined industries in the 2008 OWS round, from 169 in 2006, 168 in 2002 and 2004 rounds, 161 in 1999 and 1997. Starting with the 2002 survey round, wage rates of two (2) benchmark occupations, accounting and bookkeeping clerks; and unskilled laborers except janitors, messengers and freight handlers are monitored in all industries covered.
Note: Refer to Metadata in Technical Documents.
From 1997 to the 2004 survey rounds, the OWS was a complete enumeration survey of non-agricultural establishments employing 50 persons or more. Starting the 2006 OWS, employment size cut-off was lowered to 20 persons. The 2002 OWS was limited to Metro Manila due to budget cuts.
A total of 65 industries are covered in the 2008 OWS, up from 60 in 2006, 58 in the 2002 and 2004 rounds, 57 in 1999 and 52 in 1997 OWS. Predetermined industries for wage monitoring now total to 46 with the addition of Call Center Activities and Medical Transcription and Related Outsourcing Activities in 2006 and Animated Films and Cartoons Production in 2008. The selected industries numbered 43 in 2002 and 2004 OWS and 41 in 1997 and 1999 rounds.
A total of 180 occupations are covered in the pre-determined industries in the 2008 OWS round, from 169 in 2006, 168 in 2002 and 2004 rounds, 161 in 1999 and 1997. Starting with the 2002 survey round, wage rates of two (2) benchmark occupations, accounting and bookkeeping clerks; and unskilled laborers except janitors, messengers and freight handlers are monitored in all industries covered.
Note: Refer to Metadata in Technical Documents.
Abstract
A. Objectives
To generate statistics for wage and salary administration and for wage determination in collective bargaining negotiations.
B. Uses of Data
Inputs to wage, income, productivity and price policies, wage fixing and collective bargaining; occupational wage rates can be used to measure wage differentials, wage inequality in typical low wage and high wage occupations and for international comparability; industry data on basic pay and allowance can be used to measure wage differentials across industries, for investment decisions and as reference in periodic adjustments of minimum wages.
C. Main Topics Covered
Occupational wage rates
Median basic pay and median allowances of time-rate workers on full-time basis
To generate statistics for wage and salary administration and for wage determination in collective bargaining negotiations.
B. Uses of Data
Inputs to wage, income, productivity and price policies, wage fixing and collective bargaining; occupational wage rates can be used to measure wage differentials, wage inequality in typical low wage and high wage occupations and for international comparability; industry data on basic pay and allowance can be used to measure wage differentials across industries, for investment decisions and as reference in periodic adjustments of minimum wages.
C. Main Topics Covered
Occupational wage rates
Median basic pay and median allowances of time-rate workers on full-time basis
Kind of Data
Sample survey data [ssd]
Unit of Analysis
Establishment
Version
Version Description
v2: Edited data, for public distribution.
Version Date
2009-08-28
Scope
Notes
The scope of the survey includes:
- Employment and wage rates of time rate workers on full time basis
- Employment and wage rates of time rate workers on full time basis in selected occupations
- Employment and wage rates of time rate workers on full time basis
- Employment and wage rates of time rate workers on full time basis in selected occupations
Topics
| Topic | Vocabulary | URI |
|---|---|---|
| LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT [3] | CESSDA | http://www.nesstar.org/rdf/common |
| working conditions [3.6]/wage rates | CESSDA | http://www.nesstar.org/rdf/common |
Coverage
Geographic Coverage
National coverage, 17 administrative regions
Geographic Unit
National Capital Region
Cordillera Administrative Region
Region I - Ilocos Region
Region II- Cagayan Valley
Region III- Central Luzon
Region IVA - CALABARZON
Region IVB - MIMAROPA
Region V - Bicol Region
Region VI - Western Visayas
Region VII - Central Visayas
Region VIII - Eastern Visayas
Region IX - Zamboanga Peninsula
Region X - Northern Mindanao
Region XI - Davao
Region XII - SOCCSKSARGEN
Caraga
Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao
Cordillera Administrative Region
Region I - Ilocos Region
Region II- Cagayan Valley
Region III- Central Luzon
Region IVA - CALABARZON
Region IVB - MIMAROPA
Region V - Bicol Region
Region VI - Western Visayas
Region VII - Central Visayas
Region VIII - Eastern Visayas
Region IX - Zamboanga Peninsula
Region X - Northern Mindanao
Region XI - Davao
Region XII - SOCCSKSARGEN
Caraga
Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao
Universe
The survey covered non-agricultural establishments employing 20 or more workers except national postal activities, central banking, public administration and defense and compulsory social security, public education services, public medical, dental and other health services, activities of membership organizations, extra territorial organizations and bodies.
Producers and sponsors
Primary investigators
| Name | Affiliation |
|---|---|
| Bureau of Labor and Employment Statistics | Department of Labor and Employment |
Funding Agency/Sponsor
| Name | Abbreviation |
|---|---|
| Bureau of Labor and Employment Statistics | BLES |
Other Identifications/Acknowledgments
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| DOLE - Regional Offices except DOLE - National Capital Region (NCR) | Department of Labor and Employment | Data collection outside NCR |
Sampling
Sampling Procedure
Statistical unit: The statistical unit is the establishment. Each unit is classified to an industry that reflects its main economic activity---the activity that contributes the biggest or major portion of the gross income or revenues of the establishment.
Survey universe/Sampling frame: The 2008 BLES Survey Sampling Frame (SSF 2008) is an integrated list of establishments culled from the 2006 List of Establishments of the National Statistics Office; and updated 2006 BLES Sampling Frame based on the status of establishments reported in the 2006 BLES Integrated Survey (BITS) and 2006 Occupational Wages Survey. Lists of Establishments from the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) and Philippine Chamber of Commerce and Industries (PCCI) were also considered in preparing the 2008 frame.
Sampling design: The OWS is a sample survey of non-agricultural establishments employing 20 persons or more where the survey domain is the industry. Those establishments employing at least 200 persons are covered with certainty and the rest are sampled (stratified random sampling). The design does not consider the region as a domain to allow for more industry coverage.
Sample size: For 2008 OWS, number of establishments covered was 6,460 of which, 5,176 were eligible units.
Note: Refer to Field Operations Manual Chapter 2 Section 2.5.
Survey universe/Sampling frame: The 2008 BLES Survey Sampling Frame (SSF 2008) is an integrated list of establishments culled from the 2006 List of Establishments of the National Statistics Office; and updated 2006 BLES Sampling Frame based on the status of establishments reported in the 2006 BLES Integrated Survey (BITS) and 2006 Occupational Wages Survey. Lists of Establishments from the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) and Philippine Chamber of Commerce and Industries (PCCI) were also considered in preparing the 2008 frame.
Sampling design: The OWS is a sample survey of non-agricultural establishments employing 20 persons or more where the survey domain is the industry. Those establishments employing at least 200 persons are covered with certainty and the rest are sampled (stratified random sampling). The design does not consider the region as a domain to allow for more industry coverage.
Sample size: For 2008 OWS, number of establishments covered was 6,460 of which, 5,176 were eligible units.
Note: Refer to Field Operations Manual Chapter 2 Section 2.5.
Deviations from the Sample Design
Not all of the fielded questionnaires are accomplished. During data collection, there are reports of permanent closures, non-location, duplicate listing and shifts in industry and employment outside the survey coverage. Establishments that fall in these categories are not eligible elements (three consecutive survey rounds for "can not be located" establishments) of the frame and their count is not considered in the estimation. Non-respondents are made up of refusals, strikes or temporary closures, can not be located (less than three consecutive survey rounds) and those establishments whose questionnaires contain inconsistent item responses and have not replied to the verification queries by the time output table generation commences.
Respondents are post-stratified as to geographic, industry and employment size classifications. Non-respondents are retained in their classifications. Sample values of basic pay and allowances for the monitored occupations whose basis of payment is an hour or a day are converted into a standard monthly equivalent, assuming 313 working days and 8 hours per day. Daily rate x 26.08333; Hourly rate x 208.66667.
Respondents are post-stratified as to geographic, industry and employment size classifications. Non-respondents are retained in their classifications. Sample values of basic pay and allowances for the monitored occupations whose basis of payment is an hour or a day are converted into a standard monthly equivalent, assuming 313 working days and 8 hours per day. Daily rate x 26.08333; Hourly rate x 208.66667.
Response Rate
The response rate in terms of eligible units was 78.4%.
Weighting
Estimates are obtained by simple expansion, i.e. by multiplying the sample values at the cell level (industry and employment size) by the corresponding blowing-up factor which is the ratio of the estimated population of establishments to the number of responding establishments. These estimates are then aggregated to the desired totals.
Dividing the estimated total basic pay (or total allowances) in each occupation by the corresponding estimate of time rate workers on full-time basis results to the average monthly basic pay or average monthly allowances as the case may be. The monthly average basic pay and monthly average allowances are then summed up to provide the average monthly wage rates by occupation.
The median monthly basic pay is computed from the estimated distribution of workers by monthly basic pay. On the other hand, the median monthly allowance is computed only for those workers reported with allowances.
Dividing the estimated total basic pay (or total allowances) in each occupation by the corresponding estimate of time rate workers on full-time basis results to the average monthly basic pay or average monthly allowances as the case may be. The monthly average basic pay and monthly average allowances are then summed up to provide the average monthly wage rates by occupation.
The median monthly basic pay is computed from the estimated distribution of workers by monthly basic pay. On the other hand, the median monthly allowance is computed only for those workers reported with allowances.
Data Collection
Dates of Data Collection
| Start | End |
|---|---|
| 2008-09-01 | 2009-03-30 |
Time periods
| Start date |
|---|
| 2008-07-31 |
Data Collection Mode
Other [oth] mixed method: self-accomplished, mailed, face-to-face
Supervision
The regional statisticians, economists or personnel designated by the Regional Director supervised the data collectors/ enumerators in their respective regions. In provinces/areas where there were relatively many establishments to be covered, area supervisors were hired to assist the regional staff in the supervision of data collection activities. The BLES handled the field operations in the National Capital Region.
Note: Refer to Field Operations Manual Chapter 3 Section 3.2.
Note: Refer to Field Operations Manual Chapter 3 Section 3.2.
Data Collection Notes
The survey was conducted in coordination with the Regional Offices (except the National Capital Region regional office) of the Department of Labor and Employment. On a project basis, employees were hired to personally deliver and retrieve the questionnaires from the establishments. In some instances, questionnaires were mailed to establishments in less accessible or conflict prone areas, in which case a self-addressed envelope was provided. The establishments also submitted the accomplished questionnaires through fax. Delivery of questionnaires started in August of the reference year and retrieval commenced after all questionnaires had been delivered or within 10 working days from delivery to an establishment or on a date agreed upon by the contact person and the enumerator. The basic data originated from the payroll records of establishments.
To assist the respondents in classifying their job titles that may have different nomenclatures than the PSOC, an occupational sheet was inserted in the questionnaire of an establishment whose industry belongs to the 46 predetermined industries that were monitored on occupational wage rates. This sheet contains a list of the occupations being monitored in each of the industry and their corresponding job descriptions in accordance with the PSOC.
The occupations varied across establishments depending on their industry classification. Establishments that fall outside the 46 industries were not given occupational sheets. However, in the event that the industry of such establishment has been misclassified in the sampling frame and it should have been provided an occupational sheet, the field staff was instructed to give the respondent the relevant occupational sheet. The two (2) occupations considered as benchmark (accounting and bookkeeping clerks; and unskilled laborers except janitors, messengers and freight handlers) and their corresponding job descriptions appeared in the pertinent portion of the survey questionnaire. Wage rates of these occupations were monitored in all 65 industries covered by the survey.
Note: Refer to Field Operations Manual Chapters 3 - 5.
To assist the respondents in classifying their job titles that may have different nomenclatures than the PSOC, an occupational sheet was inserted in the questionnaire of an establishment whose industry belongs to the 46 predetermined industries that were monitored on occupational wage rates. This sheet contains a list of the occupations being monitored in each of the industry and their corresponding job descriptions in accordance with the PSOC.
The occupations varied across establishments depending on their industry classification. Establishments that fall outside the 46 industries were not given occupational sheets. However, in the event that the industry of such establishment has been misclassified in the sampling frame and it should have been provided an occupational sheet, the field staff was instructed to give the respondent the relevant occupational sheet. The two (2) occupations considered as benchmark (accounting and bookkeeping clerks; and unskilled laborers except janitors, messengers and freight handlers) and their corresponding job descriptions appeared in the pertinent portion of the survey questionnaire. Wage rates of these occupations were monitored in all 65 industries covered by the survey.
Note: Refer to Field Operations Manual Chapters 3 - 5.
Data Collectors
| Name | Abbreviation | Affiliation |
|---|---|---|
| Bureau of Labor and Employment Statistics (for National Capital Region) | BLES | Department of Labor and Employment |
| DOLE - Regional Offices (for areas outside National Capital Region) | DOLE-ROs | Department of Labor and Employment |
Questionnaires
Questionnaires
The questionnaire contains the following sections:
Cover Page (Page 1)
This contains the address box, contact particulars for assistance, spaces for changes in the name and location of sample establishment and head office information in case the questionnaire is endorsed to it and status codes of the establishment to be accomplished by BLES and its field personnel.
Survey Information (Page 2)
This contains the survey objective and uses of the data, scope of the survey, confidentiality clause, collection authority, authorized field personnel, coverage, periodicity and reference period, due date for accomplishment and expected date when the results of the 2006 OWS would be available.
Part A: General Information (Page 3)
This portion inquires on main economic activity, major products/goods or services and total employment.
Part B: Employment and Wage Rates of Time-Rate Workers on Full-Time Basis (Pages 4-5)
This section requires data on the number of time-rate workers on full-time basis by time unit and by basic pay and allowance intervals.
Part C: Employment and Wage Rates of Time-Rate Workers on Full-Time Basis in Selected Occupations (Pages 6-9)
This part inquires on the basic pay and allowance per time unit and corresponding number of workers in the two benchmark occupations and in the pre-determined occupations listed in the occupational sheet to be provided to the establishment where applicable.
Part D: Certification (Page 10)
This portion is provided for the respondent's name/signature, position, telephone no., fax no. and e-mail address and time spent in answering the questionnaire.
Appropriate spaces are also provided to elicit comments on data provided for the 2008 OWS; results of the 2006 OWS; and presentation/packaging, particularly on the definition of terms, layout, font and color.
Part E: Survey Personnel (Page 10)
This portion is for the particulars of the enumerators and area/regional supervisors and reviewers at the BLES and DOLE Regional Offices involved in the data collection and review of questionnaire entries.
Part F: Industries With Selected Occupations (Page 11)
The list of industries for occupational wage monitoring has been provided to guide the enumerators in determining the correct occupational sheet that should be furnished to the respondent.
Results of the 2006 OWS (Page 12)
The results of the 2006 OWS are found on page 12 of the questionnaire. These results can serve as a guide to the survey personnel in editing/review of the entries in the questionnaire.
Note: Refer to questionnaire and List of Monitored Occupations.
Cover Page (Page 1)
This contains the address box, contact particulars for assistance, spaces for changes in the name and location of sample establishment and head office information in case the questionnaire is endorsed to it and status codes of the establishment to be accomplished by BLES and its field personnel.
Survey Information (Page 2)
This contains the survey objective and uses of the data, scope of the survey, confidentiality clause, collection authority, authorized field personnel, coverage, periodicity and reference period, due date for accomplishment and expected date when the results of the 2006 OWS would be available.
Part A: General Information (Page 3)
This portion inquires on main economic activity, major products/goods or services and total employment.
Part B: Employment and Wage Rates of Time-Rate Workers on Full-Time Basis (Pages 4-5)
This section requires data on the number of time-rate workers on full-time basis by time unit and by basic pay and allowance intervals.
Part C: Employment and Wage Rates of Time-Rate Workers on Full-Time Basis in Selected Occupations (Pages 6-9)
This part inquires on the basic pay and allowance per time unit and corresponding number of workers in the two benchmark occupations and in the pre-determined occupations listed in the occupational sheet to be provided to the establishment where applicable.
Part D: Certification (Page 10)
This portion is provided for the respondent's name/signature, position, telephone no., fax no. and e-mail address and time spent in answering the questionnaire.
Appropriate spaces are also provided to elicit comments on data provided for the 2008 OWS; results of the 2006 OWS; and presentation/packaging, particularly on the definition of terms, layout, font and color.
Part E: Survey Personnel (Page 10)
This portion is for the particulars of the enumerators and area/regional supervisors and reviewers at the BLES and DOLE Regional Offices involved in the data collection and review of questionnaire entries.
Part F: Industries With Selected Occupations (Page 11)
The list of industries for occupational wage monitoring has been provided to guide the enumerators in determining the correct occupational sheet that should be furnished to the respondent.
Results of the 2006 OWS (Page 12)
The results of the 2006 OWS are found on page 12 of the questionnaire. These results can serve as a guide to the survey personnel in editing/review of the entries in the questionnaire.
Note: Refer to questionnaire and List of Monitored Occupations.
Data Processing
Data Editing
Data were manually and electronically processed. Upon collection of accomplished questionnaires, enumerators performed field editing before leaving the establishments to ensure completeness, consistency and reasonableness of entries in accordance with the Field Operations Manual. The forms were again checked for data consistency and completeness by their field supervisors.
The BLES personnel undertook the final review, coding of information on classifications used, data entry and validation and scrutiny of aggregated results for coherence. Questionnaires with incomplete or inconsistent entries were returned to the establishments for verification, personally or through mail.
Note: Refer to Field Operations Manual Chapter 1 Section 1.10.
The BLES personnel undertook the final review, coding of information on classifications used, data entry and validation and scrutiny of aggregated results for coherence. Questionnaires with incomplete or inconsistent entries were returned to the establishments for verification, personally or through mail.
Note: Refer to Field Operations Manual Chapter 1 Section 1.10.
Other Processing
Processing involved the following activities:
1. Batch labelling
2. Office editing and coding
3. Status monitoring and printing of Survey Status Report (5th and 20th of the month)
4. Data entry (MS Access)
5. Printing of validation prooflists
6. Data validation (1st and 2nd pass)
7. Re-encoding of data
8. Re-validation and re-encoding
9. Back-up MS Access database
10. Conversion of file from MS Access to SPSS
11. Computation of weights and recoding of some variables
12. Output tables generation
13. Publication tables preparation
Note: Refer to Guidelines and syntax.
1. Batch labelling
2. Office editing and coding
3. Status monitoring and printing of Survey Status Report (5th and 20th of the month)
4. Data entry (MS Access)
5. Printing of validation prooflists
6. Data validation (1st and 2nd pass)
7. Re-encoding of data
8. Re-validation and re-encoding
9. Back-up MS Access database
10. Conversion of file from MS Access to SPSS
11. Computation of weights and recoding of some variables
12. Output tables generation
13. Publication tables preparation
Note: Refer to Guidelines and syntax.
Data Appraisal
Estimates of Sampling Error
Estimates of the sampling errors will be computed and posted in BLES website.
Data Appraisal
The survey results are checked for consistency with the results of previous OWS data and the minimum wage rates corresponding to the reference period of the survey.
Average wage rates of unskilled workers by region is compared for proximity with the corresponding minimum wage rates during the survey reference period.
Average wage rates of unskilled workers by region is compared for proximity with the corresponding minimum wage rates during the survey reference period.
Access policy
Access authority
| Name | Affiliation | URL | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Labor Standards Statistics Division | Bureau of Labor and Employment Statistics | bles_lssd@yahoo.com | www.bles.dole.gov.ph |
Contacts
| Name | Affiliation | URL | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Chief Labor and Employment Officer, Labor Standards Statistics Division | Bureau of Labor and Employment Statistics | bles_lssd@yahoo.com | www.bles.dole.gov.ph |
Confidentiality
The BLES and its field personnel shall hold all survey data supplied by the respondents in confidence. The information obtained shall be for statistical purposes only and not for taxation, regulation nor investigation purposes. The data shall be processed with others of the same category and shall be disseminated in summary form or statistical tables so as not to reveal the identity of any respondent.
Access conditions
Access authority is granted to designated individuals in the concerned division of the BLES. The designated personnel cannot reproduce, distribute, sell or lend the entire data or parts thereof to any other data user.
Citation requirements
Use of the dataset must be acknowledged using a citation which would include:
- the Identification of the Primary Investigator
- the title of the survey (including country, acronym and year of implementation)
- the survey reference number
- the source and date of download
- the Identification of the Primary Investigator
- the title of the survey (including country, acronym and year of implementation)
- the survey reference number
- the source and date of download
Disclaimer and copyrights
Disclaimer
The BLES bears no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretation or inferences made by the data users outside BLES.
Copyright
(c) 2009, Bureau of Labor and Employment Statistics, Philippines
Metadata production
DDI Document ID
DDI_PHL_2008_OWS_v01_M
Producers
| Name | Abbreviation | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rosario G. Fajardo | RGF | Bureau of Labor and Employment Statistics | Documenter |
| Accelerated Data Program | ADP | International Household Survey Network | Editing for IHSN Survey Catalog |
Date of Metadata Production
2010-05-24
DDI Document version
Version 01: Adopted from "DDI_PHL_2008_OWS_v02_M" DDI that was done by metadata producers mentioned in "Metadata Production" section.